Rence



(No Model.)

W. E. LAWRENCE.

NAIL EXT3/AUTOR.

Patented Nov. 4:, 1884.

UNTTEE dTaTns WILLIAM LAWRENCE, or NEW vonk, Ir. r.

NAlL-fEXTRACTOR.

'JPlQ-.IFICATIOEQ' .Forming part of Letters Patent No. 30?,4-72, dated November 4, 18184.

Application tiled A p1 il 1884. (No modell) To all whom it 77mg concern:

` Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. Luv- RENcE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Nail-Extractors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to devices for extracting nails from boxes, boards, or other like places; and it consists, essentially, of an extractor provided with jaws and with ahammer for driving or embedding the said jaws into the material trom which it is desired to withdraw the nails, as fully described hereinafter.

It further consistsin providing the extractor with anadjustable fulcrurn to adapt the device for extracting nails without bending the same. It also consists in certain other details ol' construction, which will be fully hereinafter described.

In the drawings, Figure lis asectional elevation ot' a nail-extractor embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation ot' a modified form ofthe device shown in Fig. l, and Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the casing or guide i'or the operatinghammer when the parts are arranged as shown.

A is the shank of the extractor, terminating at its lower end in ajaw, t', of the usual form in devices of this character.

To one side of the shank A, a short distance above the jaw z', is secured a metallic cylindrical casing, B, or other suitable guide for the operatinghammer C. The guide B extends above the shank A a suitable distance to i'orm a convenient handle by which the tractor can bc held when in use.

Pivoted at g, near the lower end of the shank A, is a short horizontal lever, E, carrying at one end and in direct line of the path of the hammer C a jaw, h, corresponding in shape to the jaw t', these two parts constituting together the clamping-jaws of the extractor. The opposite end ot' the lever E is provided with an adjustable pin, m, provided on its lower end with a head or enlarged bearingsurface, n.

In one side ofthe guide B is a longitudinal slot, d, through which extends a handle, F, secured at its inner end to the hammer C. The

hammer G is prolonged to constitute a stem,

which projects above the upper end of the casing, andv with the hammer is of such a weight that when elevated within the casing B and permitted to fall the desired eil'ect is produced upon the clamping-jaws h To drive the jaws li fi into the material surrounding the head ofthe nail to be withdrawn, the hammer C is elevated within the casing B by the handle F until the limit of its upward movement is reached at thetermination of the slot d. The hammer is then permitted to fall. by its own weight, and is thus brought to bear on the lever E directly above the jawl h with great force, and effectivel y drives its point into the material confining the nail. This operation is repeated until the desired effect is produced. The downward movement of the lever IE, from the ci't'ecls of the blows ot' the hammer C, serves to carry with it the shankA, thus simultaneously driving both clamjiing-jaws 7L '1I into the material. Should the force ol" the blow from the falling hammer be insufficient, it may easily be increased by thrusting the hammer downward by the handle F, thereby greatly adding to the force of the blow.

In the form of extractor shown in Fig. 2 the shank A projects above the casing B, and terminates in a tang provided with the usual wooden handle, Z), by which the device is held. In this instance the hammer G and casing B are much shorter, and the latter is closed at its upper end, and interposed between the upper end of the hammer' C and cylinder B is a stout spiral spring, I), which serves as a means of forcibly propelling the hammer to drive the ends of the clampingjaws into the material surrounding the header' the nail to which they are applied. The upper end of the hammer C, against which the spring I) bears, may be perfectly Ilat, or, as preferred and shown, it may be reduced in size to forma shoulder, p, constituting the bearing-surface of the lower end of the spring, while the reduced end oi" the hammer, projecting up into the spring, serves to retain the same in its proper-posi` tion, thereby preventing its lateral movement within the cylinder I3. Ii', as usual, the ful- Crum were fixed, short nails could be extracted without injury; but in drawing out long nails the movement of the jaws around the fulcrum- IOO point would cause the nails to be bent or broken. To overcome this great objection I provide my extractor with an adjustable fulcrum-pin, Awhereby the curve in which the jaws travel is increased and there is less tendency to bend` the nail. After the jaws have been driven intoA the wood the upper end of the shaft A is moved to one sidein the direction of the arrow, Fig. I, when the jaws h t' will be brought together upon the head of the nail to forcibly grip the same, and by the continued vside movement of the shaft A the nail will be easily withdrawn. When the lever E is relieved from pressure thejaws h t are forced apart by a flat spring, r, secured to the shank A, and bearing on the upper side of the lever E, as in Fig. I; or a spiral spring may be interposed between the jaws, as in Fig. 2.

In the operation of the form shown in Fig. 2 the hammer is retracted within the casing B by the upward movementof the handle F, thus compressing the spring D between its bearingp and the upper end of the casing B until the upward movement of the handle F is checked by the termination of the slot d. The handle F is then released and the spring I) suddenly expands, thereby forcibly projecting thevhammer C upon the lever E with the same effect as in theother case.

I claiml. In a nail-extractor, the shank A, carry- .ing one of the jaws, an operating-hammer,

guided to slide vertically at one side of the shank, and a jaw supported by movable connections and arranged beneath said hammer, substantially as set forth.

2. In a nail-extractor, the shank carrying thejaws and provided at one side with aguide for a vertically-sliding hammer, said guide extending above the upper end of the shank and constituting the handle of the extractor, substantially as set forth.

j 8. In a nail-extractor, a shank carrying the jaws, a sliding hammer for driving the jaws into thematerial surrounding the head of the nail, and a spring arranged to be compressed as the hammer is raised, all substantially as set forth. l

4. In a nail-extractor, lthe shank A, carrying thejaws, and the guided operating-hammer sliding in a casing, and a spring for forcing t-he same against one of the jaws, in combination with ahandle for retracting said hammer within the casing, thereby compressing said operating-spring, substantially as set forth.

5. In a nail-extractor, a shank terminating in one of the jaws, a lever carrying the other jaw and pivoted to the shank, and a sliding hammer arranged to strike the latter jaw, substantially as described.

6. rThe combination of the shank, sliding hammer, pivoted lever carrying one of the jaws and provided with a vertically-adj ustable fulcrum-pin, substantially as described.

7. In a nail-extractor, the shank A, having a jaw at its lower end, in combination with a horizontal lever pivoted to said shank, and carrying at one end one of thejaws and at the opposite end an adjustable fulcrum-pin, and

a vertically-sliding hammer and operatingspring, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM E. LAWRENCE.

Vitnesses: y

CHARLES SPARMAN, NVM. H. VOODHULL. 

